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| exclude | Older Versions|Additional Resources|Related Links|Related Information |
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Snap type: | Write
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| Description: | This Snap allows you to execute arbitrary SQL. | Info |
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This Snap works only with single queries. |
Valid JSON paths that are defined in the where clause for queries/statements will be substituted with values from an incoming document. Documents will be written to the error view if the document is missing a value to be substituted into the query/statement.
If a select query is executed, the query's results are merged into the incoming document and any existing keys will have their values overwritten. On the other hand, the original document is written if there are no results from the query.
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| You can drop your database with it, so be careful. |
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| Prerequisites: | [None]
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| Support and limitations: | Ultra pipelines: Works Pipelines.Spark mode: Not supported in Spark mode.- Tasks.
- Does not support
$$ as an escape character for enclosing string input, as $ is a reserved character for variable substitution in SnapLogic.
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| Behavior Change | | Multiexcerpt include macro |
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| name | Behavior change in Database Execute Snaps |
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| page | Azure SQL - Execute |
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| Account: | This Snap uses account references created on the Accounts page of SnapLogic Manager to handle access to this endpoint. See Configuring PostgreSQL Accounts for information on setting up this type of account. |
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| Views: |
| Input | This Snap allows zero or one input views. If the input view is defined, then the where clause can substitute incoming values for a given expression. |
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| Output | This Snap allows zero or one output view and produces documents in the view. |
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| Error | This Snap has at most one error view and produces zero or more documents in the view. | Note |
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Database Write Snaps output all records of a batch (as configured in your account settings) to the error view if the write fails during batch processing. |
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Settings |
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Label*
| Required.The Specify the name for the Snap. You can modify this to be more specific, especially if you have more than one of the same Snap in your pipelinePipeline. |
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SQL statement*
| If selected, the input document will be passed through Required.Specifies Specify the SQL statement to execute on the server. There are two possible scenarios that you encounter when working with SQL statements in SnapLogic. | Info |
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| title | Scenarios to successfully execute your SQL statements |
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| You must understand the following scenarios to successfully execute your SQL statements: Scenario 1: Executing SQL statements without expressions
If the expression toggle of the SQL statement field is not selected: - The SQL statement must not be within quotes.
- The $<variable_name> parts of the SQL statement are expressions. In the below example, $id and $book.
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For exampleExamples: .png?version=1&modificationDate=1489886486706&cacheVersion=1&api=v2) Image Modified
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| name | ME_DB_Execute_Snaps_Scenario1 |
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| page | Azure SQL - Execute |
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Additionally, the JSON path (e.g. $myName) is allowed only in the WHERE clause. If the SQL statement starts with SELECT (case-insensitive), the Snap regards it as a select-type query and executes once per input document. If not, it regards it as write-type query and executes in batch mode. Scenario 2: Executing SQL queries with expressions
If the expression toggle of the SQL statement field is selected: |
- The SQL statement must be within quotes.
- The + $<variable_name> + parts of the SQL statement are expressions, and must not be within quotes. In the below example, $tablename.
- The $<variable_name> parts of the SQL statement is bind parameter and must be within quotes. In the below example, $id and $book.
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| Table name and column names must not be provided as bind parameters. Only values can be provided as bind parameters. |
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For exampleExamples: 
| Multiexcerpt include macro |
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| name | ME_DB_Execute_Snaps_Scenario2 |
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| page | Azure SQL - Execute |
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| Info |
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We recommend you to add a single query in the SQL Statement field. |
Known issue: When
pipeline | With the SQL statement property set as an expression, the Snap can be exposed to SQL injection. Please use this feature with caution. |
Known issue: The Using expressions that join strings together to create SQL queries or conditions has a potential SQL injection risk and hence unsafe. Ensure that you understand all implications and risks involved before using concatenation of strings with '=' Expression enabled. |
- The SQL statement will return a PGObject when returning non-standard types.
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- Non-standard types include standard PostgreSQL extensions such as JSON or XML, types defined in third party extensions such as PostGIS, or types defined via CREATE TYPE color AS ENUM (RED, GREEN, BLUE). They can be converted to strings using CAST(x AS TEXT) where 'x' is the name of the column.
- The '$' sign and identifier characters, such as double quotes (“), single quotes ('), or back quotes (`), are reserved characters and should not be used in comments or for purposes other than their originally intended purpose.
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| Warning |
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| title | Single quotes in values must be escaped |
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| Any relational database (RDBMS) treats single quotes (') as special symbols. So, single quotes in the data or values passed through a DML query may cause the Snap to fail when the query is executed. |
Default value: [None] | Pass through
Ensure that you pass two consecutive single quotes in place of one within these values to escape the single quote through these queries. For example: | If String | To pass this value | Use |
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| Has no single quotes | Schaum Series | 'Schaum Series'
| | Contains single quotes | O'Reilly's Publication
| 'O''Reilly''s Publication' |
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Default Value: [None] |
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| Query type | Select the type of query for your SQL statement (Read or Write). When Auto is selected, the Snap tries to determine the query type automatically.
If the execution result of the query is not as expected, you can change the query type to Read or Write. Default Value: Auto
Example: Read |
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Pass through
| Select this checkbox to pass the input document to the output view under the key 'original'. This property applies only to the Execute Snaps with SELECT statement. Default valueValue: Selected
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Ignore empty result
| If selected, no document will be written to the output view when a SELECT operation does not produce any result. If this property is not selected and the Pass through property is selected, the input document will be passed through to the output view. Default valueValue: Not selected
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| Number of retries | Specifies Specify the maximum number of retry attempts the Snap must make in case there is a network failure and is unable to read the target file. The request is terminated if the attempts do not result in a response. Example: 3 Default value: 0 If the Number of retries value is set to 0 (the default value), the retry option is disabled, and the Snap does not initiate a retry. The pipeline will not attempt to retry the operation in case of a failure—any failure encountered during the database operation will immediately result in the pipeline failing without any retry attempts to recover from the errors. If the Number of retries value is greater than 0, the Snap initiates a download of the target file into a temporary local file. If any error occurs during the download, the Snap waits for the time specified in the Retry interval and then attempts to download the file again from the beginning. After the download is successful, the Snap streams the data from the temporary file to the downstream pipeline. All temporary local files are deleted when they are no longer needed.
Ensure that the local drive has sufficient free disk space to store the temporary local file. Default Value: 0
Example: 3
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| name | retries |
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| page | File Reader |
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| Retry interval (seconds) | Specifies the time interval between two successive retry requests. A retry happens only when the previous attempt resulted in an exception. Default Value: 1
Example: 1010
Default value: 1 |
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Auto commit | Select one of the options for this property to override the state of the Auto commit property on the account. The Auto commit at the Snap-level has three values: True, False, and Use account setting. The expected functionality for these modes are: - True - The Snap will execute with auto-commit enabled regardless of the value set for Auto commit in the Account used by the Snap.
- False - The Snap will execute with auto-commit disabled regardless of the value set for Auto commit in the Account used by the Snap.
- Use account setting - The Snap will execute with Auto commit property value inherited by the Account used by the Snap.
Default valueDefault Value: Use account setting | Note |
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'Auto commit' may be enabled for certain use cases if PostgreSQL jdbc driver is used in either Redshift, PostgreSQL or generic JDBC Snap. But the JDBC driver may cause out of memory issues when Select statements are executed. In those cases, “Auto commit" in Snap property should be set to ‘False’ and the Fetch size in the “Account setting" can be increased for optimal performance. |
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Behavior of DML Queries in Database Execute Snap when auto-commit is falseDDL queries used in the Database Execute Snap will be committed by the Database itself, regardless of the Auto-commit setting.
When Auto commit is set to false for the DML queries, the commit is called at the end of the Snap's execution.
Instead of building multiple Snaps with inter dependent DML queries, it is recommended to use Stored Procedure and Multi Execute Snap.
The Auto commit needs to be true in a scenario where the downstream Snap does depend on the data processed on an Upstream Database Execute Snap containing a DML query.
When the Auto commit is set to the Use account setting on the Snap, the account level commit needs to be enabled.
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| Multiexcerpt include macro |
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| name | Snap Execution |
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| page | SOAP Execute |
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| name | Execution_Detail_Write |
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| page | SOAP Execute |
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Troubleshooting
| Error | Reason | Resolution |
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Pipeline is no longer running. | When you use numerous self-joins in SQL SELECT statements with bind values, the Snap is likely to fail after the 11th statement. | Use either of the following workaround solutions to avoid Pipeline failure: Edit your query to submit upstream values using expression language, instead of using placeholders. Split your complex query into multiple simple queries, run them, and join the data using other SnapLogic Snaps in the Transform Snap Pack.
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Examples
Inserting a record in a table using stored procedure in PostgreSQL-Execute Snap
Stored procedure:
A stored procedure is a named set of pre-written instructions or commands that are saved in a database. Instead of giving instructions whenever you want to perform an operation like inserting, updating, fetching, or deleting records, you write them down in a procedure. Then, whenever you need to do that specific task again, you call the stored procedure.
This example pipeline demonstrates how to create a stored procedure and call the stored procedure to insert a record in an existing table.
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Step 1: Configure the PostgreSQL-Execute Snap with Create Procedure statement to create a stored procedure, genre_insert_data, to insert GenreIdand Namein the Genre table.
a. CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE public.genre_insert_data("GenreId" integer, "Name" character varying ) statement creates a stored procedure that has INPUT parameters GenreId and Name values.
b. INSERT INTO "public"."Genre" VALUES ("GenreId", "Name"); this statement inserts the values in the Genre table.
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Step 2: Configure the PostgreSQL-Execute Snap with a call statement to trigger the stored procedure by passing values for GenreId and Name.
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Step 3: Configure the Table Name and GenreId in the PostgreSQL-Select Snap as follows to fetch the inserted record to verify if the record has been inserted.
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Step 4: On validation, the PostgreSQL-Select Snap fetches the previously inserted record.
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The following single-Snap Pipeline runs an SQL query containing a JOIN command to collate data between two PostgreSQL tables.
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Download this Pipeline
Let us consider the following tables in a PostgreSQL DB. Notice that the column employee_id is common between these tables.
| Table 1: AVemployees | Table 2: AVempsalary |
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The Snap accesses the PostgreSQL tables using a valid account and runs an SQL query that contains a JOIN command based on the following settings:
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The output preview after executing this Pipeline displays the result for the SQL query.
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Upon joining the two tables as defined in the SQL query, we can see the employee_id column in the second table is prefixed with its table name AVempsalary to differentiate it from the column with the same name in the AVemployees table. This is how the PostgreSQL - Execute Snap handles column with conflicting names in tables when the SQL statement contains a JOIN command.
Downloads
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| name | download_instructions |
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| page | OpenAPI |
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